A steady pace of Russian cyber espionage in Europe and North America was noted in 2025.

Pro-Russia hacktivist groups compromised a Norwegian dam in April 2025.

Elections remained a prime target for pro-Russian information operations in 2025, including polls in Poland, Germany, Canada, and Moldova.

A decline in disruptive and destructive Russian cyberattacks has been observed since 2022.

Of APT activity directed at the U.S., 47% was attributed to China and 35% to Russia-aligned groups.

70% of financial organisations expressed worry over state-linked cyber actors such as Russia.

Across the globe, IT decision-makers consistently point to three dominant state-sponsored threats: Russia (73%), China (73%) and North Korea (40%).